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Part 1: Michael Doyle

Black and white photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 1970s Color photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 2000s Michael Doyle has lived in Camden since 1973. He spent a year and a half as assistant pastor at St. Joan of Arc in the Fairview section of Camden, and since November of 1974, he has been the pastor of Sacred Heart Church at Broadway and Ferry in South Camden. He also runs a Catholic school: and approximately 240 Camden children attend the school annually. Additionally, the church renovates houses through the Heart of Camden housing program; runs a family resource center, a food sharing program, a children's clothing thrift store, a neighborhood vegetable garden and a used furniture warehouse; and provides monthly dinners for the poor. He also works in community organizing through Camden Churches Organized for the People, writes a monthly newsletter that has a subscription list of 2,700 people and goes to Ireland every year. He says, "We try to make Sacred Heart at least as friendly as an Irish pub. In all of it we fail nicely. But we are determined with God's help to keep hope alive."

Mike Giocondo

Black and white photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 1970s Color photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 2000sAfter the acquittal of the Camden 28, Mike Giocondo joined the staff of the Daily Worker in New York as a reporter, and later moved to Chicago to head the newspaper's Midwest bureau. He left the Daily Worker in 1991 (by which time it was renamed The People's World). Since then, he has been a GED and an ESL instructor in Chicago City's College system. He is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and a board member of the Chicago Committee to Defend the Bill of Rights. He has been married to Carroll Krois since 1978.

Joan M. Reilly

Black and white photo of Joan Reilly in the early 1970s Color photo of Joan Reilly in the early 2000s Joan M. Reilly married Michael DiBerardinins, and their four children are in their teens and twenties. Since the Camden trial, Joan has lived and worked in the Kensington Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia. For the past 30 years, she has worked in the fields of community organizing, organizational development and social service. She currently serves as associate director of the Philadelphia Green division of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. She manages programs designed to build partnerships with residents, neighborhood organizations, and public and private institutions to utilize greening (the creation of green open space in the form of community gardens, neighborhood park revitalization and vacant land stabilization) as a way to strengthen community and improve the quality of life in neighborhoods across Philadelphia.

Gene Dixon

Black and white photo of Gene Dixon in the early 1970s Color photo of Gene Dixon in the early 2000s After the acquittal of the Camden 28, Gene ended (by mutual consent) his associations with the Budd Company in Philadelphia. After a several-year stint as a marketing director in the gaming industry, Gene finally retired, and is currently performing the duties of househusband for his wife, Mary, while hanging around the house and continuing to write poetry and children's books.

John Swinglish

Black and white photo of John Swinglish in the early 1970s Color photo of John Swinglish in the early 2000s

John Swinglish returned to Washington, D.C., after the acquittal of the Camden 28, and formed a neighborhood social service center in northeast D.C., which he directed until 1982. Following that, he provided emergency and disaster services to the D.C. area through a large nonprofit organization. He also worked with recovering drug addicts and alcoholics for 14 years. Currently, John runs his own wedding photography business and lives near Annapolis, Maryland. He says, "I've finally figured out a way to get people to pay me to go to wild parties every week. It's really not a bad life."

Bob Good

Black and white photo of Bob Good in the early 1970s Color photo of Bob Good in the early 2000sBob Good lives in Rochester, New York, with his wife and their two daughters. He works at the University of Rochester Medical Center in the Department of Orthopedics, where he assists the surgeons and doctors in the department in a variety of ways, including computer support, photography, research support and audio-visual support. His time in Camden has remained an important and pivotal time in his life. He says, "It was an honor and privilege to join together with a community of dedicated women and men who committed themselves to struggling together with a vision of a more just and peaceful world."

Next Update: Camden 28 Members, Part 2  »

Part 2: Jayma Abdoo

After the Camden 28 trial, Jayma Abdoo was a legal worker for Kairys, Rudovsky & Maguigan in Philadelphia for nine years, focusing largely on police abuse. She returned to school, to earn a bachelor's degree from the Columbia University School of General Studies and a master's degree in history at the College of William and Mary. Since 1992, she had worked at Barnard College.

Jayma died in 2006.

Terry Buckalew

Since the acquittal of the Camden 28, Terry Buckalew says he has "had a rich life ... with several interesting jobs and a wonderful family that I relish." Terry has worked with sexually abused children and their offenders, was the director of an outpatient mental health agency, and was a fund-raiser for nonprofit organizations. He earned his master's degree in adult education from Penn State University, and he is also a proud grandfather.

Paul Couming

Paul Couming lives in Minneapolis with his two children and their mom, artist Tina Nemetz. He received his nursing degree in 1979; he has a bachelor's degree in history as well. He works as an OR nurse at the Twin Cities Trauma Center.

Howard Zinn

Historian Howard Zinn testified at the trial of the Camden 28, and joined them in the same Camden courtroom for the reunion in 2002.

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim were married several months before the Camden trial began. After the trial, they moved to the Rosebud Indian Reservation in South Dakota, where they lived and worked for 10 years. They now live in Vermillion, South Dakota, and have three children.

Frank is a professor at the University of South Dakota Law School, specializing in Indian law and criminal law. He serves as a judge for several tribal courts of appeal and has written extensively on tribal legal issues. Frank has also published three books of poetry and coaches seventh-grade girls basketball.

Anne is currently the librarian at Vermillion Middle School. She has also worked as a trainer in conflict resolution, peer mediation and bias awareness, and she performs as a storyteller.

Peter Fordi

After the Camden 28 trial, Peter Fordi became education director for NCCJL, an alternative-to-prison project that trained convicted felons in the building trades and as automobile technicians. In 1978, he moved to California, where he worked as an FAA-certified aircraft and power plant mechanic and as an aircraft electronics (avionics) technician. In 1986, he was suspended from the Society of Jesus. In 1987, he began teaching avionics at Northrop University and later, at its successor school, Westwood College. Peter retired in February 2002.

Keith Forsyth

Keith Forsyth remained active in the movement against the Vietnam War until the war ended in 1975 and continued to participate in movements for social justice until the early 1980s. Then Keith went back to college, started a family with his wife, Susan, collected degrees in physics and electrical engineering, and completed his transformation from the "best lock-picker in the peace movement to the best optical engineer ever produced by the state of Ohio." Today Keith does product development for an optical communications company.

John Grady:

After the Camden 28 trial, John Grady lived for three years in Ithaca, New York, where he taught sociology. He then spent time in Camden and in the Bronx, but returned to Ithaca in 1993. John lived there with his five children and fourteen grandchildren.

John died in 2002.

Ed McGowan:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ed McGowan worked with Religious for Justice and Peace, advocating Native American rights in the United States and Irish Catholic rights in Northern Ireland. In 1974, he started a one-man lobby called Project Reconcile in Washington, D.C., on behalf of Unconditional Amnesty for Resisters. He lived in California, then returned to New York State, where he taught college for more than a dozen years. He co-founded an Irish theater group in 1979, which is still ongoing. In 1980, he took up playing the fiddle again, after not having played for 30 years, and he has played in three bands since then.

Lianne Moccia:

Lianne Moccia lives in Lebanon, New Hampshire, with her husband and their two children. She works as a sign language interpreter and interpreter educator throughout New England. In addition, Lianne plants and maintains her garden, growing organic vegetables and flowers every year.

Ned Murphy:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ned Murphy moved to Baltimore for three years, then moved to New York City. In August of 1978, he began sharing his home with the street children of New York. They moved into a house in the Bronx, and over the years, it has been home to 62 young men. From that home, they began a soup kitchen in 1982 in a rented storefront on Fordham Road in the Bronx. They called the organization P.O.T.S. (Part of the Solution). More than 20 years later, the organization has expanded into two buildings and offers a variety of services.

Ro Reilly:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ro Reilly continued to be active in a range of activities, with a focus on Latin America. In the late 1970s, she became active in movements for a third U.S. political party. After the birth of her daughter, she directed his energies locally. She has worked on a wide range of public school reform issues, including funding equity for the urban school districts and curriculum and scheduling reform. She lives in the New York area.

Kathleen M. Ridolfi

Kathleen Ridolfi lives with Linda Starr, her partner of 13 years, and their two children. She is the director of the Northern California Innocence Project and a law professor at Santa Clara University. Previously, she was a Philadelphia public defender, and she has also worked with the Women's Self-Defense Law Project, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Nancy Drew Associates and the National Jury Project.

Bob Williamson

After the Camden 28 trial, Bob Williamson moved to New Mexico, where he eventually started his own graphic arts and printing company. He sold his company in 1986, and since then he has served as a consultant and business coach, teaching workshops and providing personal coaching with a focus on bringing passion, creativity and a spirit of service to companies all over the country. He is the author of several business books and is currently working on a novel based on his life experiences. Bob has a daughter.

Next Update: Prosecution and Defense  Â»

Part 3: Prosecution and Defense

FBI Agent Terry Neist:

FBI Agent Terry Neist After the Camden 28 case, Terry Neist continued serving the FBI in Camden New Jersey, and began specializing in foreign counterintelligence cases. In 1974, he was sent to Monterey, California, for a year, to study Russian at the Defense language Institute. In 1975, he was assigned to the field office in New York City, where he worked for nearly three years, first with the Russian language in efforts against the Soviets and then as coordinator of a Soviet surveillance group. In 1978, he transferred to the Washington D.C. field office, where he continued to work against the Soviets, both the GRU (military intelligence) and the KGB. In 1986, he transferred to the Richmond, Virginia, office of the FBI and worked foreign counterintelligence against the Soviets and other hostile intelligence services. He also began teaching in local police academies, including such subjects as stress management in law enforcement and hostage and crisis negotiation. He was a member of the Richmond SWAT team for 10 years, and then was the hostage/crisis negotiator for the Richmond Division. He then became the Training and National Academy coordinator, handling training for the office and providing training to local agencies as well as selecting and processing local officers chosen for the FBI's National Academy.

He retired in July 1998, and since retirement, he has had his own investigative company, which does government background investigations as well as private investigations. He lives in rural Essex County, Virginia, with his wife and daughter.

Camden 28 Defense Attorneys

David Kairys

Defense Attorney David Kairys After the Camden 28 trial, David Kairys continued practicing law with his firm (now Kairys, Rudovsky, Epstein & Messing), which thrived after the addition of a Camden 28 defendant, Jayma Abdoo. He focused mostly on civil rights cases; he also wrote books, articles and commentary in popular media. In 1990, he began teaching at Temple Law School, where he is now a law professor. During his career, he has represented FBI agent Donald Rochon in the leading race case against the FBI, has stopped police sweeps of minority neighborhoods in Philadelphia and has represented Dr. Benjamin Spock in a free speech case before the Supreme Court. He says, "The Camden 28 — the case and the people — are, for me, one of [life's] highlights."

Marty Stolar

Defense Attorney Marty Stolar After the Camden 28 trial, Marty Stolar returned to practicing law solo in New York City, doing the same kind of criminal and criminal/political defense work that had taken him to Camden. He has continued to do this work, having represented post-9/11 detainees, Amadou Diallo demonstrators, protestors at the World Economic Forum and those protesting the presence of the U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico. He says, "I still enjoy what I do and the people I am lucky enough to be able to represent. It's the best thing and most rewarding thing I do."

Carl Broege

Since 1974, Carl Broege has been a public defender, in Newark and in Jersey City. Since 1982, he has been one of a handful of New Jersey criminal lawyers specializing in defense of people threatened with the death penalty. Carl has also been an adjunct instructor at Montclair State University, and he writes poetry about his experiences and his passions. He is married to Patricia Mitchell and they have five children.

Part 4: Q&A

What kind of reactions have you gotten from audiences at screenings of The Camden 28? What are the inevitable questions that you're asked?

Filmmaker Anthony GiacchinoAnthony Giacchino: The film recently played for two weeks at Cinema Village in New York City, and I managed to attend all 56 screenings — don't worry, I wasn't crazy enough to watch the film 56 times, I just showed up afterwards, sometimes with Camden 28 members, to talk with the audiences. When Camden 28 members were there, most of the questions centered on what could be done to stop the current war in Iraq or why there seemed to be less protest today than back during Vietnam. The audiences were also very interested to hear about the activists' current relationships with the informer, Bob Hardy. Questions directed at me were usually about how I came to know the story, how I raised the money for the film and how I convinced those in the film to participate. (Anthony Giacchino answers these questions and more in POV's Filmmaker Interview.)

Can you think of any memorable moments or incidents that made you rethink how you approached any aspects of the film?

Giacchino: Yes. I was contacted by the historical society of the courthouse where the Camden 28 went on trial. The society was interested in saving the history of famous trials that happened there. The Camden 28 trial was their first pick, and they got in touch with me because they knew I had interviewed many of the participants. I helped them organize the 2002 courtroom reunion and retrospective that appears in the film. Using the footage from the reunion meant that I would have to introduce the reunion in the middle of the 1973 narrative; at first I though the introduction might be distracting, but in the end it fit in nicely with the story.

The film touches on the parallels between the Vietnam War and the Iraq War obliquely, and some of the Camden 28 are still active in the peace movement. Did audiences at screenings pick up on the parallels?

Giacchino: Always. However, it's important to know that the film wasn't made to make a statement about the war in Iraq — remember, the project started in 1996 — it was made to tell the story of the Camden 28. There are shots at the end of the film showing some of the Camden 28 marching against the impending war in Iraq, but that was put into the film to show you that they, as individuals, are still active in protesting war, not to say that Iraq is Vietnam all over again. That being said, I wouldn't deny that there are unspoken parallels — but that wasn't planned; it's simply because of how history has played out in the current war.

Has the experience of making The Camden 28 made you think about the current political situation any differently?

Giacchino: Sure. And in some ways, it connects to the previous question regarding parallels to Iraq. Put simply, I'm surprised that the current administration hasn't learned from one of the fundamental lessons of Vietnam: There are limits to American power.

Can you tell us what you're working on now, and whether you've been influenced by your work on The Camden 28?

Giacchino: I've been working on a film about the bombing of civilians during World War II. It's interesting because the tagline to The Camden 28 is: "How far would you go to stop a war?" The current project turns that question around and basically asks: "How far did governments go to win a war?"

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Part 1: Michael Doyle

Black and white photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 1970s Color photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 2000s Michael Doyle has lived in Camden since 1973. He spent a year and a half as assistant pastor at St. Joan of Arc in the Fairview section of Camden, and since November of 1974, he has been the pastor of Sacred Heart Church at Broadway and Ferry in South Camden. He also runs a Catholic school: and approximately 240 Camden children attend the school annually. Additionally, the church renovates houses through the Heart of Camden housing program; runs a family resource center, a food sharing program, a children's clothing thrift store, a neighborhood vegetable garden and a used furniture warehouse; and provides monthly dinners for the poor. He also works in community organizing through Camden Churches Organized for the People, writes a monthly newsletter that has a subscription list of 2,700 people and goes to Ireland every year. He says, "We try to make Sacred Heart at least as friendly as an Irish pub. In all of it we fail nicely. But we are determined with God's help to keep hope alive."

Mike Giocondo

Black and white photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 1970s Color photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 2000sAfter the acquittal of the Camden 28, Mike Giocondo joined the staff of the Daily Worker in New York as a reporter, and later moved to Chicago to head the newspaper's Midwest bureau. He left the Daily Worker in 1991 (by which time it was renamed The People's World). Since then, he has been a GED and an ESL instructor in Chicago City's College system. He is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and a board member of the Chicago Committee to Defend the Bill of Rights. He has been married to Carroll Krois since 1978.

Joan M. Reilly

Black and white photo of Joan Reilly in the early 1970s Color photo of Joan Reilly in the early 2000s Joan M. Reilly married Michael DiBerardinins, and their four children are in their teens and twenties. Since the Camden trial, Joan has lived and worked in the Kensington Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia. For the past 30 years, she has worked in the fields of community organizing, organizational development and social service. She currently serves as associate director of the Philadelphia Green division of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. She manages programs designed to build partnerships with residents, neighborhood organizations, and public and private institutions to utilize greening (the creation of green open space in the form of community gardens, neighborhood park revitalization and vacant land stabilization) as a way to strengthen community and improve the quality of life in neighborhoods across Philadelphia.

Gene Dixon

Black and white photo of Gene Dixon in the early 1970s Color photo of Gene Dixon in the early 2000s After the acquittal of the Camden 28, Gene ended (by mutual consent) his associations with the Budd Company in Philadelphia. After a several-year stint as a marketing director in the gaming industry, Gene finally retired, and is currently performing the duties of househusband for his wife, Mary, while hanging around the house and continuing to write poetry and children's books.

John Swinglish

Black and white photo of John Swinglish in the early 1970s Color photo of John Swinglish in the early 2000s

John Swinglish returned to Washington, D.C., after the acquittal of the Camden 28, and formed a neighborhood social service center in northeast D.C., which he directed until 1982. Following that, he provided emergency and disaster services to the D.C. area through a large nonprofit organization. He also worked with recovering drug addicts and alcoholics for 14 years. Currently, John runs his own wedding photography business and lives near Annapolis, Maryland. He says, "I've finally figured out a way to get people to pay me to go to wild parties every week. It's really not a bad life."

Bob Good

Black and white photo of Bob Good in the early 1970s Color photo of Bob Good in the early 2000sBob Good lives in Rochester, New York, with his wife and their two daughters. He works at the University of Rochester Medical Center in the Department of Orthopedics, where he assists the surgeons and doctors in the department in a variety of ways, including computer support, photography, research support and audio-visual support. His time in Camden has remained an important and pivotal time in his life. He says, "It was an honor and privilege to join together with a community of dedicated women and men who committed themselves to struggling together with a vision of a more just and peaceful world."

Next Update: Camden 28 Members, Part 2  »

Part 2: Jayma Abdoo

After the Camden 28 trial, Jayma Abdoo was a legal worker for Kairys, Rudovsky & Maguigan in Philadelphia for nine years, focusing largely on police abuse. She returned to school, to earn a bachelor's degree from the Columbia University School of General Studies and a master's degree in history at the College of William and Mary. Since 1992, she had worked at Barnard College.

Jayma died in 2006.

Terry Buckalew

Since the acquittal of the Camden 28, Terry Buckalew says he has "had a rich life ... with several interesting jobs and a wonderful family that I relish." Terry has worked with sexually abused children and their offenders, was the director of an outpatient mental health agency, and was a fund-raiser for nonprofit organizations. He earned his master's degree in adult education from Penn State University, and he is also a proud grandfather.

Paul Couming

Paul Couming lives in Minneapolis with his two children and their mom, artist Tina Nemetz. He received his nursing degree in 1979; he has a bachelor's degree in history as well. He works as an OR nurse at the Twin Cities Trauma Center.

Howard Zinn

Historian Howard Zinn testified at the trial of the Camden 28, and joined them in the same Camden courtroom for the reunion in 2002.

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim were married several months before the Camden trial began. After the trial, they moved to the Rosebud Indian Reservation in South Dakota, where they lived and worked for 10 years. They now live in Vermillion, South Dakota, and have three children.

Frank is a professor at the University of South Dakota Law School, specializing in Indian law and criminal law. He serves as a judge for several tribal courts of appeal and has written extensively on tribal legal issues. Frank has also published three books of poetry and coaches seventh-grade girls basketball.

Anne is currently the librarian at Vermillion Middle School. She has also worked as a trainer in conflict resolution, peer mediation and bias awareness, and she performs as a storyteller.

Peter Fordi

After the Camden 28 trial, Peter Fordi became education director for NCCJL, an alternative-to-prison project that trained convicted felons in the building trades and as automobile technicians. In 1978, he moved to California, where he worked as an FAA-certified aircraft and power plant mechanic and as an aircraft electronics (avionics) technician. In 1986, he was suspended from the Society of Jesus. In 1987, he began teaching avionics at Northrop University and later, at its successor school, Westwood College. Peter retired in February 2002.

Keith Forsyth

Keith Forsyth remained active in the movement against the Vietnam War until the war ended in 1975 and continued to participate in movements for social justice until the early 1980s. Then Keith went back to college, started a family with his wife, Susan, collected degrees in physics and electrical engineering, and completed his transformation from the "best lock-picker in the peace movement to the best optical engineer ever produced by the state of Ohio." Today Keith does product development for an optical communications company.

John Grady:

After the Camden 28 trial, John Grady lived for three years in Ithaca, New York, where he taught sociology. He then spent time in Camden and in the Bronx, but returned to Ithaca in 1993. John lived there with his five children and fourteen grandchildren.

John died in 2002.

Ed McGowan:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ed McGowan worked with Religious for Justice and Peace, advocating Native American rights in the United States and Irish Catholic rights in Northern Ireland. In 1974, he started a one-man lobby called Project Reconcile in Washington, D.C., on behalf of Unconditional Amnesty for Resisters. He lived in California, then returned to New York State, where he taught college for more than a dozen years. He co-founded an Irish theater group in 1979, which is still ongoing. In 1980, he took up playing the fiddle again, after not having played for 30 years, and he has played in three bands since then.

Lianne Moccia:

Lianne Moccia lives in Lebanon, New Hampshire, with her husband and their two children. She works as a sign language interpreter and interpreter educator throughout New England. In addition, Lianne plants and maintains her garden, growing organic vegetables and flowers every year.

Ned Murphy:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ned Murphy moved to Baltimore for three years, then moved to New York City. In August of 1978, he began sharing his home with the street children of New York. They moved into a house in the Bronx, and over the years, it has been home to 62 young men. From that home, they began a soup kitchen in 1982 in a rented storefront on Fordham Road in the Bronx. They called the organization P.O.T.S. (Part of the Solution). More than 20 years later, the organization has expanded into two buildings and offers a variety of services.

Ro Reilly:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ro Reilly continued to be active in a range of activities, with a focus on Latin America. In the late 1970s, she became active in movements for a third U.S. political party. After the birth of her daughter, she directed his energies locally. She has worked on a wide range of public school reform issues, including funding equity for the urban school districts and curriculum and scheduling reform. She lives in the New York area.

Kathleen M. Ridolfi

Kathleen Ridolfi lives with Linda Starr, her partner of 13 years, and their two children. She is the director of the Northern California Innocence Project and a law professor at Santa Clara University. Previously, she was a Philadelphia public defender, and she has also worked with the Women's Self-Defense Law Project, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Nancy Drew Associates and the National Jury Project.

Bob Williamson

After the Camden 28 trial, Bob Williamson moved to New Mexico, where he eventually started his own graphic arts and printing company. He sold his company in 1986, and since then he has served as a consultant and business coach, teaching workshops and providing personal coaching with a focus on bringing passion, creativity and a spirit of service to companies all over the country. He is the author of several business books and is currently working on a novel based on his life experiences. Bob has a daughter.

Next Update: Prosecution and Defense  Â»

Part 3: Prosecution and Defense

FBI Agent Terry Neist:

FBI Agent Terry Neist After the Camden 28 case, Terry Neist continued serving the FBI in Camden New Jersey, and began specializing in foreign counterintelligence cases. In 1974, he was sent to Monterey, California, for a year, to study Russian at the Defense language Institute. In 1975, he was assigned to the field office in New York City, where he worked for nearly three years, first with the Russian language in efforts against the Soviets and then as coordinator of a Soviet surveillance group. In 1978, he transferred to the Washington D.C. field office, where he continued to work against the Soviets, both the GRU (military intelligence) and the KGB. In 1986, he transferred to the Richmond, Virginia, office of the FBI and worked foreign counterintelligence against the Soviets and other hostile intelligence services. He also began teaching in local police academies, including such subjects as stress management in law enforcement and hostage and crisis negotiation. He was a member of the Richmond SWAT team for 10 years, and then was the hostage/crisis negotiator for the Richmond Division. He then became the Training and National Academy coordinator, handling training for the office and providing training to local agencies as well as selecting and processing local officers chosen for the FBI's National Academy.

He retired in July 1998, and since retirement, he has had his own investigative company, which does government background investigations as well as private investigations. He lives in rural Essex County, Virginia, with his wife and daughter.

Camden 28 Defense Attorneys

David Kairys

Defense Attorney David Kairys After the Camden 28 trial, David Kairys continued practicing law with his firm (now Kairys, Rudovsky, Epstein & Messing), which thrived after the addition of a Camden 28 defendant, Jayma Abdoo. He focused mostly on civil rights cases; he also wrote books, articles and commentary in popular media. In 1990, he began teaching at Temple Law School, where he is now a law professor. During his career, he has represented FBI agent Donald Rochon in the leading race case against the FBI, has stopped police sweeps of minority neighborhoods in Philadelphia and has represented Dr. Benjamin Spock in a free speech case before the Supreme Court. He says, "The Camden 28 — the case and the people — are, for me, one of [life's] highlights."

Marty Stolar

Defense Attorney Marty Stolar After the Camden 28 trial, Marty Stolar returned to practicing law solo in New York City, doing the same kind of criminal and criminal/political defense work that had taken him to Camden. He has continued to do this work, having represented post-9/11 detainees, Amadou Diallo demonstrators, protestors at the World Economic Forum and those protesting the presence of the U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico. He says, "I still enjoy what I do and the people I am lucky enough to be able to represent. It's the best thing and most rewarding thing I do."

Carl Broege

Since 1974, Carl Broege has been a public defender, in Newark and in Jersey City. Since 1982, he has been one of a handful of New Jersey criminal lawyers specializing in defense of people threatened with the death penalty. Carl has also been an adjunct instructor at Montclair State University, and he writes poetry about his experiences and his passions. He is married to Patricia Mitchell and they have five children.

Part 4: Q&A

What kind of reactions have you gotten from audiences at screenings of The Camden 28? What are the inevitable questions that you're asked?

Filmmaker Anthony GiacchinoAnthony Giacchino: The film recently played for two weeks at Cinema Village in New York City, and I managed to attend all 56 screenings — don't worry, I wasn't crazy enough to watch the film 56 times, I just showed up afterwards, sometimes with Camden 28 members, to talk with the audiences. When Camden 28 members were there, most of the questions centered on what could be done to stop the current war in Iraq or why there seemed to be less protest today than back during Vietnam. The audiences were also very interested to hear about the activists' current relationships with the informer, Bob Hardy. Questions directed at me were usually about how I came to know the story, how I raised the money for the film and how I convinced those in the film to participate. (Anthony Giacchino answers these questions and more in POV's Filmmaker Interview.)

Can you think of any memorable moments or incidents that made you rethink how you approached any aspects of the film?

Giacchino: Yes. I was contacted by the historical society of the courthouse where the Camden 28 went on trial. The society was interested in saving the history of famous trials that happened there. The Camden 28 trial was their first pick, and they got in touch with me because they knew I had interviewed many of the participants. I helped them organize the 2002 courtroom reunion and retrospective that appears in the film. Using the footage from the reunion meant that I would have to introduce the reunion in the middle of the 1973 narrative; at first I though the introduction might be distracting, but in the end it fit in nicely with the story.

The film touches on the parallels between the Vietnam War and the Iraq War obliquely, and some of the Camden 28 are still active in the peace movement. Did audiences at screenings pick up on the parallels?

Giacchino: Always. However, it's important to know that the film wasn't made to make a statement about the war in Iraq — remember, the project started in 1996 — it was made to tell the story of the Camden 28. There are shots at the end of the film showing some of the Camden 28 marching against the impending war in Iraq, but that was put into the film to show you that they, as individuals, are still active in protesting war, not to say that Iraq is Vietnam all over again. That being said, I wouldn't deny that there are unspoken parallels — but that wasn't planned; it's simply because of how history has played out in the current war.

Has the experience of making The Camden 28 made you think about the current political situation any differently?

Giacchino: Sure. And in some ways, it connects to the previous question regarding parallels to Iraq. Put simply, I'm surprised that the current administration hasn't learned from one of the fundamental lessons of Vietnam: There are limits to American power.

Can you tell us what you're working on now, and whether you've been influenced by your work on The Camden 28?

Giacchino: I've been working on a film about the bombing of civilians during World War II. It's interesting because the tagline to The Camden 28 is: "How far would you go to stop a war?" The current project turns that question around and basically asks: "How far did governments go to win a war?"

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Part 1: Michael Doyle

Black and white photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 1970s Color photo of Father Michael Doyle in the early 2000s Michael Doyle has lived in Camden since 1973. He spent a year and a half as assistant pastor at St. Joan of Arc in the Fairview section of Camden, and since November of 1974, he has been the pastor of Sacred Heart Church at Broadway and Ferry in South Camden. He also runs a Catholic school: and approximately 240 Camden children attend the school annually. Additionally, the church renovates houses through the Heart of Camden housing program; runs a family resource center, a food sharing program, a children's clothing thrift store, a neighborhood vegetable garden and a used furniture warehouse; and provides monthly dinners for the poor. He also works in community organizing through Camden Churches Organized for the People, writes a monthly newsletter that has a subscription list of 2,700 people and goes to Ireland every year. He says, "We try to make Sacred Heart at least as friendly as an Irish pub. In all of it we fail nicely. But we are determined with God's help to keep hope alive."

Mike Giocondo

Black and white photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 1970s Color photo of Michael Giocondo in the early 2000sAfter the acquittal of the Camden 28, Mike Giocondo joined the staff of the Daily Worker in New York as a reporter, and later moved to Chicago to head the newspaper's Midwest bureau. He left the Daily Worker in 1991 (by which time it was renamed The People's World). Since then, he has been a GED and an ESL instructor in Chicago City's College system. He is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and a board member of the Chicago Committee to Defend the Bill of Rights. He has been married to Carroll Krois since 1978.

Joan M. Reilly

Black and white photo of Joan Reilly in the early 1970s Color photo of Joan Reilly in the early 2000s Joan M. Reilly married Michael DiBerardinins, and their four children are in their teens and twenties. Since the Camden trial, Joan has lived and worked in the Kensington Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia. For the past 30 years, she has worked in the fields of community organizing, organizational development and social service. She currently serves as associate director of the Philadelphia Green division of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. She manages programs designed to build partnerships with residents, neighborhood organizations, and public and private institutions to utilize greening (the creation of green open space in the form of community gardens, neighborhood park revitalization and vacant land stabilization) as a way to strengthen community and improve the quality of life in neighborhoods across Philadelphia.

Gene Dixon

Black and white photo of Gene Dixon in the early 1970s Color photo of Gene Dixon in the early 2000s After the acquittal of the Camden 28, Gene ended (by mutual consent) his associations with the Budd Company in Philadelphia. After a several-year stint as a marketing director in the gaming industry, Gene finally retired, and is currently performing the duties of househusband for his wife, Mary, while hanging around the house and continuing to write poetry and children's books.

John Swinglish

Black and white photo of John Swinglish in the early 1970s Color photo of John Swinglish in the early 2000s

John Swinglish returned to Washington, D.C., after the acquittal of the Camden 28, and formed a neighborhood social service center in northeast D.C., which he directed until 1982. Following that, he provided emergency and disaster services to the D.C. area through a large nonprofit organization. He also worked with recovering drug addicts and alcoholics for 14 years. Currently, John runs his own wedding photography business and lives near Annapolis, Maryland. He says, "I've finally figured out a way to get people to pay me to go to wild parties every week. It's really not a bad life."

Bob Good

Black and white photo of Bob Good in the early 1970s Color photo of Bob Good in the early 2000sBob Good lives in Rochester, New York, with his wife and their two daughters. He works at the University of Rochester Medical Center in the Department of Orthopedics, where he assists the surgeons and doctors in the department in a variety of ways, including computer support, photography, research support and audio-visual support. His time in Camden has remained an important and pivotal time in his life. He says, "It was an honor and privilege to join together with a community of dedicated women and men who committed themselves to struggling together with a vision of a more just and peaceful world."

Next Update: Camden 28 Members, Part 2  »

Part 2: Jayma Abdoo

After the Camden 28 trial, Jayma Abdoo was a legal worker for Kairys, Rudovsky & Maguigan in Philadelphia for nine years, focusing largely on police abuse. She returned to school, to earn a bachelor's degree from the Columbia University School of General Studies and a master's degree in history at the College of William and Mary. Since 1992, she had worked at Barnard College.

Jayma died in 2006.

Terry Buckalew

Since the acquittal of the Camden 28, Terry Buckalew says he has "had a rich life ... with several interesting jobs and a wonderful family that I relish." Terry has worked with sexually abused children and their offenders, was the director of an outpatient mental health agency, and was a fund-raiser for nonprofit organizations. He earned his master's degree in adult education from Penn State University, and he is also a proud grandfather.

Paul Couming

Paul Couming lives in Minneapolis with his two children and their mom, artist Tina Nemetz. He received his nursing degree in 1979; he has a bachelor's degree in history as well. He works as an OR nurse at the Twin Cities Trauma Center.

Howard Zinn

Historian Howard Zinn testified at the trial of the Camden 28, and joined them in the same Camden courtroom for the reunion in 2002.

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim were married several months before the Camden trial began. After the trial, they moved to the Rosebud Indian Reservation in South Dakota, where they lived and worked for 10 years. They now live in Vermillion, South Dakota, and have three children.

Frank is a professor at the University of South Dakota Law School, specializing in Indian law and criminal law. He serves as a judge for several tribal courts of appeal and has written extensively on tribal legal issues. Frank has also published three books of poetry and coaches seventh-grade girls basketball.

Anne is currently the librarian at Vermillion Middle School. She has also worked as a trainer in conflict resolution, peer mediation and bias awareness, and she performs as a storyteller.

Peter Fordi

After the Camden 28 trial, Peter Fordi became education director for NCCJL, an alternative-to-prison project that trained convicted felons in the building trades and as automobile technicians. In 1978, he moved to California, where he worked as an FAA-certified aircraft and power plant mechanic and as an aircraft electronics (avionics) technician. In 1986, he was suspended from the Society of Jesus. In 1987, he began teaching avionics at Northrop University and later, at its successor school, Westwood College. Peter retired in February 2002.

Keith Forsyth

Keith Forsyth remained active in the movement against the Vietnam War until the war ended in 1975 and continued to participate in movements for social justice until the early 1980s. Then Keith went back to college, started a family with his wife, Susan, collected degrees in physics and electrical engineering, and completed his transformation from the "best lock-picker in the peace movement to the best optical engineer ever produced by the state of Ohio." Today Keith does product development for an optical communications company.

John Grady:

After the Camden 28 trial, John Grady lived for three years in Ithaca, New York, where he taught sociology. He then spent time in Camden and in the Bronx, but returned to Ithaca in 1993. John lived there with his five children and fourteen grandchildren.

John died in 2002.

Ed McGowan:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ed McGowan worked with Religious for Justice and Peace, advocating Native American rights in the United States and Irish Catholic rights in Northern Ireland. In 1974, he started a one-man lobby called Project Reconcile in Washington, D.C., on behalf of Unconditional Amnesty for Resisters. He lived in California, then returned to New York State, where he taught college for more than a dozen years. He co-founded an Irish theater group in 1979, which is still ongoing. In 1980, he took up playing the fiddle again, after not having played for 30 years, and he has played in three bands since then.

Lianne Moccia:

Lianne Moccia lives in Lebanon, New Hampshire, with her husband and their two children. She works as a sign language interpreter and interpreter educator throughout New England. In addition, Lianne plants and maintains her garden, growing organic vegetables and flowers every year.

Ned Murphy:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ned Murphy moved to Baltimore for three years, then moved to New York City. In August of 1978, he began sharing his home with the street children of New York. They moved into a house in the Bronx, and over the years, it has been home to 62 young men. From that home, they began a soup kitchen in 1982 in a rented storefront on Fordham Road in the Bronx. They called the organization P.O.T.S. (Part of the Solution). More than 20 years later, the organization has expanded into two buildings and offers a variety of services.

Ro Reilly:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ro Reilly continued to be active in a range of activities, with a focus on Latin America. In the late 1970s, she became active in movements for a third U.S. political party. After the birth of her daughter, she directed his energies locally. She has worked on a wide range of public school reform issues, including funding equity for the urban school districts and curriculum and scheduling reform. She lives in the New York area.

Kathleen M. Ridolfi

Kathleen Ridolfi lives with Linda Starr, her partner of 13 years, and their two children. She is the director of the Northern California Innocence Project and a law professor at Santa Clara University. Previously, she was a Philadelphia public defender, and she has also worked with the Women's Self-Defense Law Project, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Nancy Drew Associates and the National Jury Project.

Bob Williamson

After the Camden 28 trial, Bob Williamson moved to New Mexico, where he eventually started his own graphic arts and printing company. He sold his company in 1986, and since then he has served as a consultant and business coach, teaching workshops and providing personal coaching with a focus on bringing passion, creativity and a spirit of service to companies all over the country. He is the author of several business books and is currently working on a novel based on his life experiences. Bob has a daughter.

Next Update: Prosecution and Defense  Â»

Part 3: Prosecution and Defense

FBI Agent Terry Neist:

FBI Agent Terry Neist After the Camden 28 case, Terry Neist continued serving the FBI in Camden New Jersey, and began specializing in foreign counterintelligence cases. In 1974, he was sent to Monterey, California, for a year, to study Russian at the Defense language Institute. In 1975, he was assigned to the field office in New York City, where he worked for nearly three years, first with the Russian language in efforts against the Soviets and then as coordinator of a Soviet surveillance group. In 1978, he transferred to the Washington D.C. field office, where he continued to work against the Soviets, both the GRU (military intelligence) and the KGB. In 1986, he transferred to the Richmond, Virginia, office of the FBI and worked foreign counterintelligence against the Soviets and other hostile intelligence services. He also began teaching in local police academies, including such subjects as stress management in law enforcement and hostage and crisis negotiation. He was a member of the Richmond SWAT team for 10 years, and then was the hostage/crisis negotiator for the Richmond Division. He then became the Training and National Academy coordinator, handling training for the office and providing training to local agencies as well as selecting and processing local officers chosen for the FBI's National Academy.

He retired in July 1998, and since retirement, he has had his own investigative company, which does government background investigations as well as private investigations. He lives in rural Essex County, Virginia, with his wife and daughter.

Camden 28 Defense Attorneys

David Kairys

Defense Attorney David Kairys After the Camden 28 trial, David Kairys continued practicing law with his firm (now Kairys, Rudovsky, Epstein & Messing), which thrived after the addition of a Camden 28 defendant, Jayma Abdoo. He focused mostly on civil rights cases; he also wrote books, articles and commentary in popular media. In 1990, he began teaching at Temple Law School, where he is now a law professor. During his career, he has represented FBI agent Donald Rochon in the leading race case against the FBI, has stopped police sweeps of minority neighborhoods in Philadelphia and has represented Dr. Benjamin Spock in a free speech case before the Supreme Court. He says, "The Camden 28 — the case and the people — are, for me, one of [life's] highlights."

Marty Stolar

Defense Attorney Marty Stolar After the Camden 28 trial, Marty Stolar returned to practicing law solo in New York City, doing the same kind of criminal and criminal/political defense work that had taken him to Camden. He has continued to do this work, having represented post-9/11 detainees, Amadou Diallo demonstrators, protestors at the World Economic Forum and those protesting the presence of the U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico. He says, "I still enjoy what I do and the people I am lucky enough to be able to represent. It's the best thing and most rewarding thing I do."

Carl Broege

Since 1974, Carl Broege has been a public defender, in Newark and in Jersey City. Since 1982, he has been one of a handful of New Jersey criminal lawyers specializing in defense of people threatened with the death penalty. Carl has also been an adjunct instructor at Montclair State University, and he writes poetry about his experiences and his passions. He is married to Patricia Mitchell and they have five children.

Part 4: Q&A

What kind of reactions have you gotten from audiences at screenings of The Camden 28? What are the inevitable questions that you're asked?

Filmmaker Anthony GiacchinoAnthony Giacchino: The film recently played for two weeks at Cinema Village in New York City, and I managed to attend all 56 screenings — don't worry, I wasn't crazy enough to watch the film 56 times, I just showed up afterwards, sometimes with Camden 28 members, to talk with the audiences. When Camden 28 members were there, most of the questions centered on what could be done to stop the current war in Iraq or why there seemed to be less protest today than back during Vietnam. The audiences were also very interested to hear about the activists' current relationships with the informer, Bob Hardy. Questions directed at me were usually about how I came to know the story, how I raised the money for the film and how I convinced those in the film to participate. (Anthony Giacchino answers these questions and more in POV's Filmmaker Interview.)

Can you think of any memorable moments or incidents that made you rethink how you approached any aspects of the film?

Giacchino: Yes. I was contacted by the historical society of the courthouse where the Camden 28 went on trial. The society was interested in saving the history of famous trials that happened there. The Camden 28 trial was their first pick, and they got in touch with me because they knew I had interviewed many of the participants. I helped them organize the 2002 courtroom reunion and retrospective that appears in the film. Using the footage from the reunion meant that I would have to introduce the reunion in the middle of the 1973 narrative; at first I though the introduction might be distracting, but in the end it fit in nicely with the story.

The film touches on the parallels between the Vietnam War and the Iraq War obliquely, and some of the Camden 28 are still active in the peace movement. Did audiences at screenings pick up on the parallels?

Giacchino: Always. However, it's important to know that the film wasn't made to make a statement about the war in Iraq — remember, the project started in 1996 — it was made to tell the story of the Camden 28. There are shots at the end of the film showing some of the Camden 28 marching against the impending war in Iraq, but that was put into the film to show you that they, as individuals, are still active in protesting war, not to say that Iraq is Vietnam all over again. That being said, I wouldn't deny that there are unspoken parallels — but that wasn't planned; it's simply because of how history has played out in the current war.

Has the experience of making The Camden 28 made you think about the current political situation any differently?

Giacchino: Sure. And in some ways, it connects to the previous question regarding parallels to Iraq. Put simply, I'm surprised that the current administration hasn't learned from one of the fundamental lessons of Vietnam: There are limits to American power.

Can you tell us what you're working on now, and whether you've been influenced by your work on The Camden 28?

Giacchino: I've been working on a film about the bombing of civilians during World War II. It's interesting because the tagline to The Camden 28 is: "How far would you go to stop a war?" The current project turns that question around and basically asks: "How far did governments go to win a war?"

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The Camden 28: Film Update

Part 1: Michael Doyle



Michael Doyle has lived in Camden since 1973. He spent a year and a half as assistant pastor at St. Joan of Arc in the Fairview section of Camden, and since November of 1974, he has been the pastor of Sacred Heart Church at Broadway and Ferry in South Camden. He also runs a Catholic school: and approximately 240 Camden children attend the school annually. Additionally, the church renovates houses through the Heart of Camden housing program; runs a family resource center, a food sharing program, a children's clothing thrift store, a neighborhood vegetable garden and a used furniture warehouse; and provides monthly dinners for the poor. He also works in community organizing through Camden Churches Organized for the People, writes a monthly newsletter that has a subscription list of 2,700 people and goes to Ireland every year. He says, "We try to make Sacred Heart at least as friendly as an Irish pub. In all of it we fail nicely. But we are determined with God's help to keep hope alive."

Mike Giocondo


After the acquittal of the Camden 28, Mike Giocondo joined the staff of the Daily Worker in New York as a reporter, and later moved to Chicago to head the newspaper's Midwest bureau. He left the Daily Worker in 1991 (by which time it was renamed The People's World). Since then, he has been a GED and an ESL instructor in Chicago City's College system. He is a member of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary and a board member of the Chicago Committee to Defend the Bill of Rights. He has been married to Carroll Krois since 1978.

Joan M. Reilly



Joan M. Reilly married Michael DiBerardinins, and their four children are in their teens and twenties. Since the Camden trial, Joan has lived and worked in the Kensington Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia. For the past 30 years, she has worked in the fields of community organizing, organizational development and social service. She currently serves as associate director of the Philadelphia Green division of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. She manages programs designed to build partnerships with residents, neighborhood organizations, and public and private institutions to utilize greening (the creation of green open space in the form of community gardens, neighborhood park revitalization and vacant land stabilization) as a way to strengthen community and improve the quality of life in neighborhoods across Philadelphia.

Gene Dixon



After the acquittal of the Camden 28, Gene ended (by mutual consent) his associations with the Budd Company in Philadelphia. After a several-year stint as a marketing director in the gaming industry, Gene finally retired, and is currently performing the duties of househusband for his wife, Mary, while hanging around the house and continuing to write poetry and children's books.

John Swinglish


John Swinglish returned to Washington, D.C., after the acquittal of the Camden 28, and formed a neighborhood social service center in northeast D.C., which he directed until 1982. Following that, he provided emergency and disaster services to the D.C. area through a large nonprofit organization. He also worked with recovering drug addicts and alcoholics for 14 years. Currently, John runs his own wedding photography business and lives near Annapolis, Maryland. He says, "I've finally figured out a way to get people to pay me to go to wild parties every week. It's really not a bad life."

Bob Good


Bob Good lives in Rochester, New York, with his wife and their two daughters. He works at the University of Rochester Medical Center in the Department of Orthopedics, where he assists the surgeons and doctors in the department in a variety of ways, including computer support, photography, research support and audio-visual support. His time in Camden has remained an important and pivotal time in his life. He says, "It was an honor and privilege to join together with a community of dedicated women and men who committed themselves to struggling together with a vision of a more just and peaceful world."

Next Update: Camden 28 Members, Part 2  »

Part 2: Jayma Abdoo

After the Camden 28 trial, Jayma Abdoo was a legal worker for Kairys, Rudovsky & Maguigan in Philadelphia for nine years, focusing largely on police abuse. She returned to school, to earn a bachelor's degree from the Columbia University School of General Studies and a master's degree in history at the College of William and Mary. Since 1992, she had worked at Barnard College.

Jayma died in 2006.

Terry Buckalew

Since the acquittal of the Camden 28, Terry Buckalew says he has "had a rich life ... with several interesting jobs and a wonderful family that I relish." Terry has worked with sexually abused children and their offenders, was the director of an outpatient mental health agency, and was a fund-raiser for nonprofit organizations. He earned his master's degree in adult education from Penn State University, and he is also a proud grandfather.

Paul Couming

Paul Couming lives in Minneapolis with his two children and their mom, artist Tina Nemetz. He received his nursing degree in 1979; he has a bachelor's degree in history as well. He works as an OR nurse at the Twin Cities Trauma Center.

Historian Howard Zinn testified at the trial of the Camden 28, and joined them in the same Camden courtroom for the reunion in 2002.

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim

Anne Dunham and Frank Pommersheim were married several months before the Camden trial began. After the trial, they moved to the Rosebud Indian Reservation in South Dakota, where they lived and worked for 10 years. They now live in Vermillion, South Dakota, and have three children.

Frank is a professor at the University of South Dakota Law School, specializing in Indian law and criminal law. He serves as a judge for several tribal courts of appeal and has written extensively on tribal legal issues. Frank has also published three books of poetry and coaches seventh-grade girls basketball.

Anne is currently the librarian at Vermillion Middle School. She has also worked as a trainer in conflict resolution, peer mediation and bias awareness, and she performs as a storyteller.

Peter Fordi

After the Camden 28 trial, Peter Fordi became education director for NCCJL, an alternative-to-prison project that trained convicted felons in the building trades and as automobile technicians. In 1978, he moved to California, where he worked as an FAA-certified aircraft and power plant mechanic and as an aircraft electronics (avionics) technician. In 1986, he was suspended from the Society of Jesus. In 1987, he began teaching avionics at Northrop University and later, at its successor school, Westwood College. Peter retired in February 2002.

Keith Forsyth

Keith Forsyth remained active in the movement against the Vietnam War until the war ended in 1975 and continued to participate in movements for social justice until the early 1980s. Then Keith went back to college, started a family with his wife, Susan, collected degrees in physics and electrical engineering, and completed his transformation from the "best lock-picker in the peace movement to the best optical engineer ever produced by the state of Ohio." Today Keith does product development for an optical communications company.

John Grady:

After the Camden 28 trial, John Grady lived for three years in Ithaca, New York, where he taught sociology. He then spent time in Camden and in the Bronx, but returned to Ithaca in 1993. John lived there with his five children and fourteen grandchildren.

John died in 2002.

Ed McGowan:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ed McGowan worked with Religious for Justice and Peace, advocating Native American rights in the United States and Irish Catholic rights in Northern Ireland. In 1974, he started a one-man lobby called Project Reconcile in Washington, D.C., on behalf of Unconditional Amnesty for Resisters. He lived in California, then returned to New York State, where he taught college for more than a dozen years. He co-founded an Irish theater group in 1979, which is still ongoing. In 1980, he took up playing the fiddle again, after not having played for 30 years, and he has played in three bands since then.

Lianne Moccia:

Lianne Moccia lives in Lebanon, New Hampshire, with her husband and their two children. She works as a sign language interpreter and interpreter educator throughout New England. In addition, Lianne plants and maintains her garden, growing organic vegetables and flowers every year.

Ned Murphy:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ned Murphy moved to Baltimore for three years, then moved to New York City. In August of 1978, he began sharing his home with the street children of New York. They moved into a house in the Bronx, and over the years, it has been home to 62 young men. From that home, they began a soup kitchen in 1982 in a rented storefront on Fordham Road in the Bronx. They called the organization P.O.T.S. (Part of the Solution). More than 20 years later, the organization has expanded into two buildings and offers a variety of services.

Ro Reilly:

After the Camden 28 trial, Ro Reilly continued to be active in a range of activities, with a focus on Latin America. In the late 1970s, she became active in movements for a third U.S. political party. After the birth of her daughter, she directed his energies locally. She has worked on a wide range of public school reform issues, including funding equity for the urban school districts and curriculum and scheduling reform. She lives in the New York area.

Kathleen M. Ridolfi

Kathleen Ridolfi lives with Linda Starr, her partner of 13 years, and their two children. She is the director of the Northern California Innocence Project and a law professor at Santa Clara University. Previously, she was a Philadelphia public defender, and she has also worked with the Women's Self-Defense Law Project, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Nancy Drew Associates and the National Jury Project.

Bob Williamson

After the Camden 28 trial, Bob Williamson moved to New Mexico, where he eventually started his own graphic arts and printing company. He sold his company in 1986, and since then he has served as a consultant and business coach, teaching workshops and providing personal coaching with a focus on bringing passion, creativity and a spirit of service to companies all over the country. He is the author of several business books and is currently working on a novel based on his life experiences. Bob has a daughter.

Next Update: Prosecution and Defense  Â»

Part 3: Prosecution and Defense

FBI Agent Terry Neist:


After the Camden 28 case, Terry Neist continued serving the FBI in Camden New Jersey, and began specializing in foreign counterintelligence cases. In 1974, he was sent to Monterey, California, for a year, to study Russian at the Defense language Institute. In 1975, he was assigned to the field office in New York City, where he worked for nearly three years, first with the Russian language in efforts against the Soviets and then as coordinator of a Soviet surveillance group. In 1978, he transferred to the Washington D.C. field office, where he continued to work against the Soviets, both the GRU (military intelligence) and the KGB. In 1986, he transferred to the Richmond, Virginia, office of the FBI and worked foreign counterintelligence against the Soviets and other hostile intelligence services. He also began teaching in local police academies, including such subjects as stress management in law enforcement and hostage and crisis negotiation. He was a member of the Richmond SWAT team for 10 years, and then was the hostage/crisis negotiator for the Richmond Division. He then became the Training and National Academy coordinator, handling training for the office and providing training to local agencies as well as selecting and processing local officers chosen for the FBI's National Academy.

He retired in July 1998, and since retirement, he has had his own investigative company, which does government background investigations as well as private investigations. He lives in rural Essex County, Virginia, with his wife and daughter.

Camden 28 Defense Attorneys

David Kairys


After the Camden 28 trial, David Kairys continued practicing law with his firm (now Kairys, Rudovsky, Epstein & Messing), which thrived after the addition of a Camden 28 defendant, Jayma Abdoo. He focused mostly on civil rights cases; he also wrote books, articles and commentary in popular media. In 1990, he began teaching at Temple Law School, where he is now a law professor. During his career, he has represented FBI agent Donald Rochon in the leading race case against the FBI, has stopped police sweeps of minority neighborhoods in Philadelphia and has represented Dr. Benjamin Spock in a free speech case before the Supreme Court. He says, "The Camden 28 â€" the case and the people â€" are, for me, one of [life's] highlights."

Marty Stolar


After the Camden 28 trial, Marty Stolar returned to practicing law solo in New York City, doing the same kind of criminal and criminal/political defense work that had taken him to Camden. He has continued to do this work, having represented post-9/11 detainees, Amadou Diallo demonstrators, protestors at the World Economic Forum and those protesting the presence of the U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico. He says, "I still enjoy what I do and the people I am lucky enough to be able to represent. It's the best thing and most rewarding thing I do."

Carl Broege

Since 1974, Carl Broege has been a public defender, in Newark and in Jersey City. Since 1982, he has been one of a handful of New Jersey criminal lawyers specializing in defense of people threatened with the death penalty. Carl has also been an adjunct instructor at Montclair State University, and he writes poetry about his experiences and his passions. He is married to Patricia Mitchell and they have five children.

Part 4: Q&A

What kind of reactions have you gotten from audiences at screenings of The Camden 28? What are the inevitable questions that you're asked?

Anthony Giacchino: The film recently played for two weeks at Cinema Village in New York City, and I managed to attend all 56 screenings â€" don't worry, I wasn't crazy enough to watch the film 56 times, I just showed up afterwards, sometimes with Camden 28 members, to talk with the audiences. When Camden 28 members were there, most of the questions centered on what could be done to stop the current war in Iraq or why there seemed to be less protest today than back during Vietnam. The audiences were also very interested to hear about the activists' current relationships with the informer, Bob Hardy. Questions directed at me were usually about how I came to know the story, how I raised the money for the film and how I convinced those in the film to participate. (Anthony Giacchino answers these questions and more in POV's Filmmaker Interview.)

Can you think of any memorable moments or incidents that made you rethink how you approached any aspects of the film?

Giacchino: Yes. I was contacted by the historical society of the courthouse where the Camden 28 went on trial. The society was interested in saving the history of famous trials that happened there. The Camden 28 trial was their first pick, and they got in touch with me because they knew I had interviewed many of the participants. I helped them organize the 2002 courtroom reunion and retrospective that appears in the film. Using the footage from the reunion meant that I would have to introduce the reunion in the middle of the 1973 narrative; at first I though the introduction might be distracting, but in the end it fit in nicely with the story.

The film touches on the parallels between the Vietnam War and the Iraq War obliquely, and some of the Camden 28 are still active in the peace movement. Did audiences at screenings pick up on the parallels?

Giacchino: Always. However, it's important to know that the film wasn't made to make a statement about the war in Iraq â€" remember, the project started in 1996 â€" it was made to tell the story of the Camden 28. There are shots at the end of the film showing some of the Camden 28 marching against the impending war in Iraq, but that was put into the film to show you that they, as individuals, are still active in protesting war, not to say that Iraq is Vietnam all over again. That being said, I wouldn't deny that there are unspoken parallels â€" but that wasn't planned; it's simply because of how history has played out in the current war.

Has the experience of making The Camden 28 made you think about the current political situation any differently?

Giacchino: Sure. And in some ways, it connects to the previous question regarding parallels to Iraq. Put simply, I'm surprised that the current administration hasn't learned from one of the fundamental lessons of Vietnam: There are limits to American power.

Can you tell us what you're working on now, and whether you've been influenced by your work on The Camden 28?

Giacchino: I've been working on a film about the bombing of civilians during World War II. It's interesting because the tagline to The Camden 28 is: "How far would you go to stop a war?" The current project turns that question around and basically asks: "How far did governments go to win a war?"